A standard, cumulative index out of get across-exercise is actually calculated per combination of maternal tree and you can pollen donor, predicated on adult fruits lay, vegetables germination, and you can survivorship and you can development of seedlings. Each kinds, mixed-design analysis from variance was used to evaluate the results out of crossing treatment (fixed impression; which have maternal forest provided since a haphazard perception) on the percentage of hands-pollinated plants means adult fruit, pricing away from seed products germination and you may seedling survivorship, seedling proportions at the step 1 year, and you may collective fitness. Several activities was tested having fun with ANOVA: (a) together with all providers, (b) leaving out imbalanced solutions, permitting review regarding correspondence terms, (c) minus selfing procedures (since the maternal woods was indeed largely or entirely worry about-incompatible), and you may (d) collection all of the in this-Sinharaja outcrossing service to check the effect out of inside- versus. between-forest crossing. The effect off crossing distance on each parameter try after that checked-out having fun with linear or quadratic regression data, according to shape of the partnership. Finally, for every maternal tree, the effects out of nearest-next-door neighbor and you can a lot of time-range mating was in fact projected as a consequence of indicator out of biparental inbreeding anxiety and outbreeding depression, correspondingly, centered on collective fitness thinking.

Syzygium rubicundum

Fruit abortion was heavy for all trees, resulting in low fruit set (range across treatments: 2.0–9.7%; Fig. 2a). The timing of abortion was not discernable across treatments. Self-compatibility was low, but variable, across maternal trees (Fig. 2a). Flowers used for tests of apomixis (N = 360) and autogamy (N = 582) failed to set fruit. All analyses of variance in fruit set revealed a highly significant treatment effect and significant maternal tree effect, but no significant interaction between treatment and maternal tree (Tables 2A and 3A). For all three trees, the percentage of experimental flowers setting mature fruit showed a consistent increase coppia trio with crossing distance, followed by a severe decline in fruit set with the distant between-forest treatment (Fig. 2a). The relationship between crossing distance and fruit set was nearly identical for the three maternal trees and significant with or without the self-pollinated treatment included in the model (quadratic regression model: arcsine square-root [fruit set] = crossing distance [km] + crossing distance 2 ; results without self-pollinated treatment: F_dos,57 = 8.25, P < 0.0007, R 2 = 0.47). Peak mean fruit set occurred at a crossing distance of 1–2 km (distant within-forest treatment) and was 1.7–4.7 times greater than mean fruit set rates for other hand-pollination treatments, averaged across maternal trees. Mean fruit set rate for the distant within-forest treatment was significantly greater than those for all treatments except distant-neighbor and open-pollinated, but consistently exceeded fruit set of open-pollinated flowers (Fig. 2a).

Shorea cordifolia

Fruit set was also low for Sh. cordifolia (range across treatments: 0–5.3%; Fig. 2b). Again, the timing of fruit abortion was not discernable among treatments. Selfed and distant between-forest treatments resulted in 0% and <1% fruit set, respectively. Fruit set from the intermediate-distance cross-pollinations varied across maternal trees, but with one exception (nearest-neighbor treatment at Tree number 1) indicated optimal fruit set at an outcrossing range of ?2 km (distant neighbor treatment; Fig. 2b). All analyses of variance in fruit set revealed a highly significant treatment effect, but no maternal tree effect (Tables 2B and 3B). The relationship between crossing distance and fruit set was significant only when the selfed treatment was excluded (quadratic regression model: arcsin square root [fruit set] = crossing distance [km] + crossing distance 2 ; F_dos,57 = 5.71, P < 0.006, R 2 = 0.41). At each maternal tree, fruit set rate for open-pollinated flowers was greater than that for all hand-cross treatments, suggesting that some aspect of the hand-pollination procedure (e.g., flower handling, bagging) caused reduced fruit set in Sh. cordifolia.